In Iran, the hydrogenated vegetable oil have a high content of trans fatty acids and high per capita consumption. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of substitution of hydrogenated oil by sunflower liquid oil on plasma levels of LDL, HDL, TOTAL CHOLESTEROL and triglycerides in normal subjects. Thirty six healthy inmates participated in this research. They were consuming hydrogenated oil before the study, and were maintained on sunflower diet for one month. Then they were switched to hydrogenated oil regimen for the next two months. Blood samples were collected for measuring the levels of HDL-CHOLESTEROL, LDL-CHOLESTEROL, TOTAL CHOLESTEROL and triglycerids at the beginning and 15 days intervals during the study. The results showed that omission of hydrogenated oil from the diet significantly increases the serum HDL-CHOLESTEROL (P<0.001) level and reswitching from sunflower oil to shortening regimen reverts such beneficial effects. No significant difference was observed for the other measured parameters between the two lipid regimens.

Background and Aim: Sugar and Lipid disorders are the main risk factors for vascular abnormalities. Due to the gender and age, other variables can influence serum Fasting blood sugar and lipid levels, certifying the determination of population-specific reference interval. This study was designed to investigate the age-and gender-specific reference values for serum Fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglycerides (TG), TOTAL CHOLESTEROL (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein-CHOLESTEROL (HDL) in healthy Babolian adults. Methods: FBS, TC, TG, and HDL were calculating applying the colorimetric method. The Friedewald equation (LDL=TC− HDL− TG/5) was used to calculate LDL concentrations in individuals. After using the exclusion parameters, 519 participants (199 men and 320 women) aged ≥ 23 years were included. The Clinical Chemistry guidelines of the International Federation applied for characterizing the reference values for samples. Results: Reference values for serum FBS, TG, TC, LDL, HDL were 77. 01-107. 69 mg/dL, 35. 34-204. 38 mg/dL, 117. 97-242. 81 mg/dL, 47. 6-137. 16 mg/dL and 33. 29-67. 13 mg/dL in men. In women, reference values for serum FBS, TG, TC, LDL, HDL were 75. 03-107. 99, 27. 49-192. 33 mg/dL, 125. 84-244. 32 mg/dL, 44. 08-139. 48 mg/dL and 36. 66-81. 1 mg/dL. FBS, TG, and LDL parameters were higher in men, and TC and HDL parameters were higher in women. Conclusion: Reference values for serum FBS, TC, TG, LDL, HDL in healthy Babolian adults were specified, and these data could supply a clear pathway for better decision making in both clinical settings and prevention.

Background and Objectives: In recent years, prevalence of hyperCHOLESTEROLemia has increased, especially in elderly people who are susceptible to increased levels of TOTAL CHOLESTEROL. Apples include active ingredients that act as antioxidant, anti-proliferation, lipid oxidation inhibitor, anti-hyperCHOLESTEROL, and weight loss agents. The aim of this study was to investigate how Fuji apple juice affected TOTAL CHOLESTEROL levels in elderly people. Materials and Methods: This study was an experimental study that was carried out on 26 elderly people with a history of hyperCHOLESTEROLemia, dividing into two major groups using randomized pre post test control group design with randomized controlled trial. The control group (G0) received no medication, while the experimental group (G1) received the Fuji apple juice of 200 ml for 14 days. Paired t-test and independent t-test were used to analyze the results. Results: The mean pre-post G0 TOTAL CHOLESTEROL increased by 22. 38 with, no significant changes (p > 0. 05). The mean pre-post G1 TOTAL CHOLESTEROL decreased by 27. 62, suggesting statistically significant changes (p < 0. 05). Conclusions: In conclusion, use of 200 ml of Fuji apple juice for 14 days decreased TOTAL CHOLESTEROL levels in hyperCHOLESTEROLemia elderly people.

Background and purpose: Coronary heart disease is one of the most common reasons for mortality in many countries. High lipid levels such as high TOTAL CHOLESTEROL are recognized as the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Various studies investigated the prevalence of dyslipidemia in Iran, so, in current study we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all studies assessing the prevalence of dyslipidemia in Iran.Materials and methods: The search was conducted using different databases such as Pubmed, SID, Magiran, Iranmedex, Irandoc, Medlib, and Google Scholar. The search keywords and terms included TOTAL CHOLESTEROL, prevalence, meta-analysis, and Iran. Finally 41 articles that were published during 1998- 2011 were selected. Assigning weights to the studies was done based on number of samples and the prevalence was investigated using binomial distribution. Data was analyzed applying random effects model in STATA (version 10) and R software. Also, publication bias was assessed by funnel plot.Results: TOTAL number of samples in selected articles were 205913. Prevalence of TOTAL CHOLESTEROL ≥ 200 mg/dl was 38% (CI95%=30-46) which was 41% in male and 43% in female. The prevalence of CHOLESTEROL ³240 mg/dl (CI95%) was 17% (15-19); 15% in male and 18% in female. This prevalence was seen in both urban (18%) and rural (23%) areas.Conclusion: Precise information and knowledge on prevalence of lipid profile disorders could help clinicians and policy makers to plan for suitable interventional programs that decrease the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases.